This consultation sought to find out to what extent and how discrimination is perceived by relevant stakeholders, in education institutions in Brazil, Peru and Colombia, and to investigate how discriminatory practices have an impact on children.
Education is a fundamental human right of every woman, man and child. In states’ efforts to meet their commitments to making the right to education a reality for all, most have made impressive progress in recent decades. With new laws and policies that remove fees in basic education, significant progress has been made in advancing free education. This has led to tens of millions of children enrolling for the first time and the number of out of school children and adolescents falling by almost half since 2000. Important steps have also been taken with regard to gender parity and states have made efforts to raise the quality of education through improved teacher policies and a growing emphasis on learning outcomes.
Despite these efforts, breaches of the right to education persist worldwide, illustrated perhaps most starkly by the fact that 262 million primary and secondary-aged children and youth are still out of school. Girls, persons with disabilities, those from disadvantaged backgrounds or rural areas, indigenous persons, migrants and national minorities are among those who face the worst discrimination, affecting both their right to go to school and their rights within schools.
To respond to the challenges, the Right to Education Initiative (RTE) with UNESCO have developed this handbook to guide action on ensuring full compliance with the right to education. Its objective is not to present the right to education as an abstract, conceptual, or purely legal concept, but rather to be action-oriented. The handbook will also be an important reference for those working towards the achievement of SDG4, by offering guidance on how to leverage legal commitment to the right to education as a strategic way to achieve this goal.
The Latin American Campaign for the Right to Education (CLADE, by its Spanish acronym) is a pluralistic network of civil society organizations with a presence in 18 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, which promotes social mobilization and political advocacy to defend the human right to education. This collection of articles, essays and statements reflect on the vital role of public education in the region and the fault lines exposed by the pandemic, considering both the challenges public education in Latin America faces and possible solutions, alternatives and ways forward.
In 2019, the French Constitutional Court (Conseil Constitutionnel) was seized by student unions and associations regarding public higher education tuition fees concerning international students from outside of the European Union. The plaintiffs argued that under paragraph 13 of the preamble of the French constitution, public higher education should be equally accessible to all and free. The Constitutional Court found that modest tuition fees in public higher education, where appropriate and depending on the financial capacity of students, do not go against the principle of equal access to education and the principle of free higher education. The right to education should ensure that access to higher education is financially possible for every student. Thus, limited tuition fees can be set by legislators under the control of the judicial system. Therefore, the Court states that the right to education of international students to access French public higher education system was not violated.
In working towards creating inclusive education systems, many countries have failed to address discrimination and exclusion on the basis of sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and
variations of sex characteristics. This is despite the fact that, as new data from Europe show, 54% of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex youth surveyed had experienced bullying in school and 83% had witnessed some type of negative remarks addressed to someone else based on their sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression or variations of sex characteristics. In many other parts of the world, conditions do not even allow such data to be collected. While several countries have begun implementing changes in laws and policies, school-level interventions, curricula, and parental or community engagement, others not only avoid addressing the issues but are even taking measures that further exclude. Governments aspiring to respect their commitment to the goal of equitable and inclusive education by 2030 must protect the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex learners, improve monitoring of school-based bullying and violence, and create a positive, supportive learning environment.
De acuerdo con el derecho internacional la educación es un derecho humano fundamental. Aunque debería ser un derecho cuyo ejercicio estuviera al alcance de todo el mundo, los migrantes deben hacer frente a varios retos en el disfrute de su derecho a la educación. En el presente informe, la Relatora Especial se propone comprender estos retos y considerar la situación de facto y de iure del derecho a la educación de los migrantes en todo el mundo.
Mediante un análisis de los marcos jurídicos internacionales y regionales y de más de 500 documentos pertinentes elaborados por organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) y órganos de las Naciones Unidas, el informe presenta sus principales conclusiones en términos del marco de las 4As para el derecho a la educación: disponibilidad, accesibilidad, aceptabilidad y adaptabilidad, así como en términos de cuestiones transversales relacionadas con la identidad. El informe identifica cuestiones clave para garantizar el derecho de los migrantes a la educación, incluidas las capacidades de las instituciones educativas públicas, y los retos a los que se enfrentan los migrantes para tener acceso a instalaciones educativas y oportunidades educativas de calidad que tengan en cuenta las necesidade s concretas de los grupos de migrantes.
El informe propone recomendaciones clave para mejorar la protección y garantizar a los migrantes el pleno disfrute de su derecho a la educación a través de la implementación del marco de las 4As para el derecho a la educación.
L’éducation est un droit humain fondamental en vertu du droit international. Alors que tout le monde devrait pouvoir s’en prévaloir, les migrants font face à de multiples obstacles dans l’exercice de leur droit à l’éducation. Dans le présent rapport, la Rapporteuse spéciale s’attache à comprendre ces obstacles et examine la situation, de facto et de jure, du droit à l’éducation des migrantes et des migrants dans le monde.
À l’issue de l’analyse des cadres juridiques internationaux et régionaux et de plus de 500 documents établis sur la question par des organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) et des organismes des Nations Unies, la Rapporteuse spéciale présente ses principales conclusions au regard du cadre des 4 A relatif au droit à l’éducation (adéquation des ressources, accessibilité, acceptabilité et adaptabilité), ainsi qu’au regard de questions transversales touchant l’identité. La Rapporteuse spéciale met en évidence les enjeux clés s’agissant de garantir le droit à l’éducation des migrantes et des migrants, notamment les capacités des établissements publics d’enseignement, et les difficultés rencontrées par les migrants pour accéder à des structures d’enseignement et à une éducation de qualité qui tiennent compte des besoins spécifiques des groupes de migrants.
Elle présente des grandes recommandations tendant à améliorer la protection du droit des migrants à l’éducation et à garantir la pleine jouissance par les migrants de ce droit par la mise en œuvre du cadre des 4 A en faveur du droit à l’éducation.