This indicator measures the number of reported incidents of attacks perpetrated by armed forces or armed groups (government and/or opposition groups) by putting students and teachers in harm’s way at schools, universities or other educational facilities, or on the way to or from them, in the last 12 months or during another designated period of time.
Virtual library of the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary General for Children and Armed Conflict, OCHA’s Humanitarian Data Exchange’s Education and Conflict Monitor, the reports of the Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack (GCPEA), and GCPEA and Insecurity Insight’s Education in Danger newsbrief.
Article 1 (A), Article 2 (1), Article 13 (1,4), International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; Article 29 (2), Convention on the Rights of the Child; Article 2, Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict; Articles 4, 13, 32, 50 & 94, Geneva Convention IV; Article 48, 49, 50, 51, 57, 58, 77 & 78, Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions; Art 4 (2, 3° Additional Protocol II to the Geneva Conventions; International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance; Article 2 (2) Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; Article 1 (A), Article 2 (1), International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; Article 7, (g) (i) & article 8 (2) (b) (ix), Rome Statute;; Article 13 (5), Protocol of San Salvador; Article 11 (7), African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child; Article 14 (3), European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights; Article 27 (3) ILO Convention 169; Article 18, Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse. UN Security Council resolutions: 1261 (1999), 1314 (2000), 1379 (2001), 1460 (2003), 1539 (2004), 1612 (2005), 1820 (2008), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012), 2143 (2014), 2225 (2015), 2427 (2018).
Add up all the reported incidents identified and qualified as placing students and teachers in harm’s way in the indicator Have students, teachers and other educational personnel been attacked at or on the way to or coming back from schools, universities or other educational facilities? (Disaggregation level IIG).
Schools must be safe places. Students and teachers may be used as human shields or exposed to return fire, including in the way to and from school - as for example, when a school bus is caught in crossfire. If students, teachers and educational staff feel unsafe they might refrain from going to school. This might increase absenteeism and drop out rates. If injuries or death result from placing students and teachers in harm's way, it should be counted in this indicator.
The indicator can be applied at an international, regional, national or subnational level.