Le droit de l’enfant au respect de sa culture et de sa langue est consacré par la Convention Internationale relative aux Droits de l’Enfant. C’est un droit fondamental encore trop souvent malmené et peu connu. Que comprend ce droit ? En quoi est-il important dans la vie d’un enfant ? Ce droit est-il respecté en pratique ? Cette fiche a pour objectif de rappeler l’importance, les contours et la portée de ce droit; mais également les conditions et modalités de son exercice dans le cadre scolaire. 

Dans le contexte carcéral, tant le travail que la formation jouent un rôle essentiel dans la préparation de la libération et de la réinsertion dans la société. Un programme d’activités satisfaisant revêt en effet une importance capitale pour le bien-être des détenus, afin qu’ils soient en mesure de passer une partie raisonnable de la journée hors de leur cellule, occupés à des activités motivantes de nature variée, telles des activités de formation et d’éducation. Pour les personnes incarcérées, l’accès au savoir constitue une fenêtre sur le monde. En pratique, la formation en prison reste cependant trop souvent du domaine du privilège. Une proportion importante de la population détenue est pourtant gravement infrascolarisée et les besoins en termes d’éducation sont particulièrement sérieux. Toute prison devrait dès lors s’efforcer de donner à tous les détenus accès à des programmes d’enseignement qui soient aussi complets que possible et qui répondent à leurs besoins individuels tout en tenant compte de leurs aspirations. 

Le droit à l’éducation est consacré par plusieurs instruments internationaux ainsi que par la Constitution belge. Il s’agit d’un droit fondamental encore trop souvent malmené. Que recouvre ce droit ? En quoi est-il important dans la vie d’un enfant ? Ce droit est-il respecté en pratique ? L’objectif de cette fiche est, tout d’abord, de rappeler l’importance du droit à l’éducation. Ensuite, nous verrons à quoi correspond ce droit et quelles sont les exigences requises pour le réaliser. Nous soulignerons également, tout au long de cette fiche, les problèmes que rencontre la réalisation du droit à l’éducation en pratique.

This Menu of Actions is published by the Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack (GCPEA), an inter-agency coalition formed in 2010 by organizations working in the fields of education in emergencies and conflict-affected contexts, higher education, child protection, and international human rights and humanitarian law who were concerned about ongoing attacks on educational institutions, their students and staff in countries affected by conflict and insecurity.

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Le présent Guide fait partie de la série des Guides sur la Convention publiée par la Cour dont le but est d’informer les praticiens du droit sur les arrêts fondamentaux rendus par la Cour de Strasbourg. En l’espèce, ce Guide analyse et restitue la jurisprudence sur l’article 2 du Protocole n°1 jusqu’à la date de sa mise à jour, soit juin 2015.

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Cet Éventail d’actions est publié par la Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack (GCPEA), une coalition inter-agences formée en 2010 par des organisations travaillant dans les domaines de l’éducation en situations d’urgence et de conflit, de l’enseignement supérieur, de la protection de l’enfance, des droits humains internationaux et du droit humanitaire international. Leur préoccupation découlait des attaques persistantes lancées contre les établissements d’enseignement, leurs élèves et leur personnel dans des pays affectés par les conflits et l’insécurité.

[ENGLISH]

This guide is part of the series of Guides on the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms published by the European Court of Human Rights to inform legal practitioners about the fundamental judgments delivered by the Strasbourg Court. This particular guide analyses and sums up the case-law under Article 2 of Protocol No. 1 as at June 2015 or when subsequently updated.

[FRANÇAIS]

The aim of this report is to provide practitioners and policy-makers in both transitional justice and education with conceptual clarity and practical guidance for developing synergies between their respective fields in responding to past human rights violations. Drawing from a comparative approach that examines different experiences throughout the world, this report does not offer a blueprint for addressing past injustices through education, but, rather, considerations that should be taken into account when framing policy that is based on the particularities of a given context.

The report looks at how a transitional justice framework can play an important role in identifying educational deficits related to the logic of past conflict and repression and informing the reconstruction of the education sector. It also looks at how formal and informal education can facilitate and sustain the work of transitional justice measures.

Section I, which sets out the report’s framework, offers a discussion of what it means to consider transitional justice and education as separate but related elements of societal responses to injustices associated with massive human rights violations, and the contribution that synergies between the two fields can make to establish sustainable peace and prevent the recurrence of abuses. This section, thus, poses the question of what a transitional justice approach brings to the role of education in peacebuilding.

Section II maps out the different components of education reconstruction in which a transitional justice framework can be expected to make a difference. This includes incorporating lessons from transitional justice processes into educational curricula; increasing access to education through reparations or redress measures; and shaping school culture and governance, pedagogy, teaching tools, and teacher capacity and training.

The next three sections consider a range of political and material challenges that actors are likely to face in trying to link transitional justice and education and discuss some strategic considerations for implementing proposed ideas more effectively and sustainably.

Section III highlights the different actors that can play a role in linking transitional justice and education, including transitional justice bodies, civil society groups, school communities, and government, each of which can be an agent of change or an obstacle.

Section IV examines the more capacity and resource-based constraints that efforts to address the past through education are likely to face.

Section V emphasises the importance of identifying opportunities for change while maintaining realistic expectations for the change that can be achieved.

Section VI distills the findings to a set of guidance points for relevant actors. However, in offering guidance about the kind of change being proposed and potential steps, it is important to remember that policies aimed at addressing past injustice through education are very likely to be contested. The specific context will influence the level of this contestation as well as the usefulness of any recommendations, and so contextual analysis will be a critical first step. The guidance offered here must be considered with regard to each unique context. It cannot be assumed, for example, that all communities will desire full integration of schools or support incorporating a justice agenda into classroom learning. Some types of opposition to such eff orts, we argue, should be challenged, but some may be legitimate and / or unlikely to be overcome. These kinds of tensions between the principles of justice being advocated and the reality in which measures based on those principles may be proposed, designed, and implemented must be kept in mind. That said, the research conducted for this project suggests that a context specific approach to addressing the past through education can make a valuable contribution to peacebuilding.

This 'Right to Education Info Packet' on Tanzania aims at informing  about the right to education, its legal, political, and social considerations, and some examples of its potential uses in litigation.

Laws are not only regulations the government enforces upon the people; they are regulations the people are to enforce upon the government. Laws just do not magically change things; they are tools to be used in court to hold others accountable so as to bring about change. Thus, it is the objective of this publication not to fill your head with heaps of information about a right that you cannot achieve but to enlighten you on tools that exist and how you may use them to attain your rights.

The 'Info Packet' provides guidance to litigate issues related to free primary education, expulsion of pregnant students, corporal punishment and education financing.

These Guidelines were developed to assist countries wishing to assess the compatibility of their national education laws and policies with international standards. The booklet aims to provide guidance on national education legal and policy frameworks.

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