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The comments so far show the variety of factors which make EFA so hard to achieve. For me, the key factor is the belief that it can be done. In my own country, Australia, there has been compulsory universal education for almost 150 years but we have suffered from the belief that not all children can truly profit from education. While our best students perform amongst the best anywhere we still have many students, up to 15% , who leave school without the preparation to take a useful part in their own society. For some groups in our society, of course, that proportion is higher. This means that there is a substantial group of our population who are disadvantaged for life. Our paticipation in the OECD testing program has dispelled the myth that some students are constitutionally unable to profir from schooling.

There are many factors that are helpful to the solution of this massive problem but I believe that the key is through the improvement of teaching and, in particular, the convincing of teachers that all students can learn - the issue is to find the way that works for each student. This will not be easy. First we need to change attitudes - only then will we search out the variety of ways of succeeding.