Constitutional Guarantees
of the right to education
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Date of adoption/date of entry into force - 29 December 1993
Relevant Provisions
(…)
Chapter II - Concerning social and economic rights
Art.6
(…) The State recognizes the right of families and persons to make a choice. In this respect, the State guarantees adequate educational programs and information and access to secure these so long as they do not threaten life or health. (…)
Art.13
The purpose of education is the integral development of the human person. The State recognizes and guarantees the freedom of education. It is the duty of parents to educate their children and their right to select schools and to participate in the educational process.
Art.14
Religious education is provided in keeping with freedom of conscience.
Education is provided at all levels subject to the constitutional principles and the goals of the educational institution involved.
Art.16
It is the duty of the State to insure that no one should be prevented from receiving an adequate education on account of his economic circumstances or his mental or physical disabilities.
Education is given priority over the ordinary items in the Budget of the Republic.
Art.17
Early education, primary and secondary, are mandatory. In public schools, education is free of charge. In state universities, the government guarantees free education to those students who maintain an adequate standard but lack the economic means to defray the cost of education.
In order to insure the greatest choice in the educational offering and to favor whoever is unable to defray their educational expenses, the law determines the method of subsidizing private education in every form, including community and cooperative modalities.
The State guarantees the eradication of illiteracy. Similarly, it promotes bilingual and intercultural education, according to the characteristics of each district. It preserves the diverse cultural and linguistic manifestations of the country. It promotes national integration.
Art.18
The State guarantees academic freedom and rejects intolerance.
Each university is autonomous in its standards, governance, academic, administrative, and financial affairs. Universities are administered according to their own bylaws in keeping with the Constitution and the laws.
Art.19
The universities, institutions of higher learning and other educational centers established according to the relevant legislation are free of all direct and indirect taxes pertaining to assets, operations, and services related to their educational and cultural objectives.
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