[International obligations and access to remedies]
Malawi back --»
back to introduction --»
United Nations Treaties Date of admission to UN: 1 December 1964.

- International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights - ICESCR
Acceded: 22 December 1993.
Reports submitted/due: 0/2
No reservations

- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - ICCPR
Acceded: 22 December 1993.
Reports submitted/due: 0/2
No reservations
Optional Protocol: Acceded: 11 June 1996.

- International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination - CERD
Acceded: 11 June 1996.
Reports submitted/due:0/3
No reservations.

- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination - CEDAW
Acceded: 12 March 1987.
Reports submitted/due: 1/4
No reservations

- Convention on the Rights of the Child - CRC
Acceded: 2 January 1991.
Reports submitted/due: 1/2
No reservations
ILO treaties ILO 87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention (1948) - date of ratification: 19.11.1999
ILO 98 Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention (1949) - date of ratification: 22.03.1965
ILO 111 Convention concerning Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation (1958) - date of ratification: 22.03.1965
ILO 138 Minimum Age Convention (1973) - date of ratification: 19.11.1999.
ILO 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (1999) - date of ratification: 19.11.1999
African System The African Charter on Human and People's Rights
Date of Ratification: 17.11.1989

The African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child
Date of Ratification: 16.09.1999
Constitutional Guarantees
of the right to education
Date of adoption/date of entry into force - 18 May 1994

Relevant Provisions
(…)
Chapter III - Fundamental principles
(…)
Art.13
The State shall actively promote the welfare and development of the people of Malawi by progressively adopting and implementing policies and legislation aimed at achieving the following goals:
(f) Education: To provide adequate resources to the education sector and devise programs in order to:
(i) Eliminate illiteracy in Malawi,
(ii) Make primary education compulsory and free to all citizens of Malawi,
(iii) Offer greater access to higher learning and continuing education, and
(iv) Promote national goals such as unity and the elimination of political, religious, racial and ethnic intolerance
(…)
Chapter IV - Human rights

(…)
Art.23
(4) Children are entitled to be protected from economic exploitation or any treatment, work or punishment that is, or is likely to:
(b) Interfere with their education.
Art.25
(1) All persons are entitled to education.
(2) Primary education shall consist of at least 5 years of education.
(3) Private schools and other private institutions of higher learning shall be permissible provided that:
(a) Such schools and institutions are registered with a State department, in accordance with the law,
(b) The standards maintained by such schools or institutions are not inferior to official standards in State schools.
Art.30
(2) The State shall take all necessary measures for the realization of the right to development. Such measures shall include, amongst other things, equality of opportunity for all in their access to basic resources, education, health services, food, (…).
Art.33
Every person has the right to freedom of conscience, religion, belief and thought, and to academic freedom