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United Nations Treaties
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Date of admission to UN: 8 April 1993.
- International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights - ICESCR
Succeeded: 18 January 1994.
Reports submitted/due: 0/2
No reservations
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - ICCPR
Succeeded: 18 January 1994.
Reports submitted/due: 1/2
No reservations
Optional Protocol: Succeeded: 12 December 1994.
- International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination - CERD
Succeeded: 18 January 1994.
Reports submitted/due: 3/6
No reservations.
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination - CEDAW
Succeeded: 18 January 1994.
Reports submitted/due: 0/2
No reservations.
- Convention on the Rights of the Child - CRC
Succeeded: 2 December 1993.
Reports submitted/due: 1/2
No reservations.
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ILO treaties
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ILO 87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention (1948) - date of ratification: 17.11.1991
ILO 98 Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention (1949) - date of ratification: 17.11.1991
ILO 111 Convention concerning Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation (1958) - date of ratification: 17.11.1991
ILO 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (1999) - date of ratification: 30.05.2002
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European System
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Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms - European Convention - ECHR
Date of Ratification: 10.04.1997
Protocol Nş 01 to the European Convention
Date of Ratification: 10.04.1997
Reservation to article 2:
In accordance with Article 64 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Republic of Macedonia makes the following reservation with regard to the right guaranteed by Article 2 of the Protocol to the abovementioned Convention:
Pursuant to Article 45 of the Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia, the right of parents to ensure education and teaching in conformity with their own religious and philosophical convictions cannot be realised through primary private education, in the Republic of Macedonia.
Article 45 of the Constitution reads as follows:
"Citizens have a right to establish private schools at all levels of education, with the exception of primary education, under conditions determined by law".
Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Date of Ratification: 10.04.1997
Declaration: The Republic of Macedonia declares that the term "national minorities" used in the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities is considered to be identical to the term "nationalities" which is used in the Constitution and the laws of the Republic of Macedonia.
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Constitutional Guarantees
of the right to education
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Date of adoption/date of entry into force - 17 November 1991
Relevant Provisions
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Chapter II - Basic freedoms and rights of the individual and citizen
Part 1 - Civil and political freedoms and rights
Art.19
The Macedonian Orthodox Church and other religious communities and groups are free to establish schools (
) by way of a procedure regulated by law.
Part 2 - Economic, social, and cultural rights
Art.19
The Macedonian Orthodox Church and other religious communities and groups are free to establish schools (
) by way of a procedure regulated by law.
Art.44
Everyone has a right to education.
Education is accessible to everyone under equal conditions.
Primary education is compulsory and free.
Art.45
Citizens have a right to establish private schools at all levels of education, with the exception of primary education, under conditions determined by law.
Art.46
The autonomy of universities is guaranteed.
Art.48
Members of the nationalities have the right to establish institutions for culture and art, as well as scholarly and other associations for the expression, fostering and development of their identity.
Members of the nationalities have the right to instruction in their language in primary and secondary education, as determined by law. In schools where education is carried out in the language of a nationality, the Macedonian language is also studied.
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