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United Nations Treaties
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Date of admission to UN: 18 December 1956.
- International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights - ICESCR
Ratified: 21 June 1979.
Reports submitted/due: 2/2
Reservations and Declarations: Articles 7(d), 8(1)(d), 8(2), 13(2)(b) and 13(2)(c).
"3. In applying the provisions of sub-paragraphs (b) and (c) of paragraph 2 of article 13 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Japan reserves the right not to be bound by `in particular by the progressive introduction of free education' referred to in the said provisions.
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - ICCPR
Ratified: 21 June 1979.
Reports submitted/due: 4/5
No reservations
- International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination - CERD
Acceded: 15 December 1995.
Reports submitted/due: 2/3
No reservation related to the right to education.
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination - CEDAW
Ratified: 25 June 1985.
Reports submitted/due: 4/5
No reservations
- Convention on the Rights of the Child - CRC
Ratified: 22 April 1994.
Reports submitted/due: 2/2
No reservation related to the right to education.
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ILO treaties
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ILO 87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention (1948) - date of ratification: 14.06.1965
ILO 98 Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention (1949) - date of ratification: 20.10.1953
ILO 138 Minimum Age Convention (1973) - date of ratification: 05.06.2000.
ILO 182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (1999) - date of ratification: 18.06.2001.
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Constitutional Guarantees
of the right to education
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Date of adoption/date of entry into force - Adopted 3 November 1946, entered into force 3 May 1947
Relevant Provisions
(…)
Chapter III - Rights and duties of the people
(…)
Art.20
(3) The State and its organs shall refrain from religious education or any other religious activity.
Art.23
Academic freedom is guaranteed.
Art.26
(1) All people shall have the right to receive an equal education correspondent to their ability, as provided by law.
(2) All people shall be obligated to have all boys and girls under their protection receive ordinary education as provided for by law.
(3) Such compulsory education shall be free
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