| School-leaving age |
 |
14. The compulsory primary education of a
child commences at the beginning of the school year that comes
after the date on which the child has attained the age of 6
and lasts 10 years. If, despite having attained the age of 6,
the physical or mental capability of a child is inadequate, or
should the child's legal representative, physician or director
of a pre-school facility require so, the relevant authority of
the State may postpone the commencement of primary education
of such child by one school year. […]
|
 |
| Minimum age of employment |
 |
11. Labour legislation uses the term
"juvenile". In the eyes of this particular branch of law,
being a juvenile does not depend on whether a person is a
minor from the civil law perspective. According to the Labour
Code (Act No. 65/1965, as subsequently amended), juvenile
workers are workers under the age of 18, who can only work
under special conditions regulated by the Code.
14. … Albeit children have legal capacity for admission to
employment from the age of 15, no child may be admitted to
employment prior to the date of completing his/her (primary)
compulsory education. If a person completes his/her compulsory
education at a school for handicapped children below the age
of 15, he/she acquires legal capacity for admission to
employment upon completion of compulsory education but in no
case earlier than at the age of 14 (sect. 11 of the Labour
Code).
|
 |
| Minimum age for marriage |
 |
9. Pursuant to section 13 of the Family Act (No. 94/1963
Coll., amended by Act No. 132/1982 Coll. and Act No. 234/1992
Coll.), "A minor may not enter into marriage. In exceptional
cases, if it is in compliance with the social purpose of the
wedlock and the reasons are material, the court may allow a
minor who has attained the age of 16 to enter into marriage."
The judicial practice views the pregnancy of the intending
spouse as a material reason. Without the permission of the
court, the marriage is void and the courts shall proclaim it
void even without being petitioned to do so (sect. 13, para. 1
of the Family Act). Paragraph 2 of the same Act stipulates
that "no court shall render the marriage void and the marriage
shall become legal if the husband, who entered into the
marriage as a minor, has attained the age of 18 or the wife
has become pregnant". A marriage entered into by a minor below
the age of 16 will legally never come into being.
|
 |
| Minimum age for criminal responsibility |
 |
12. […] According to section 11 of the Penal Code, the
penal liability of a child is stipulated negatively: "Whoever
has not attained the age of 15 at the time of committing an
offence shall not be criminally liable". Section 74, paragraph
1 of the Penal Code defines a "juvenile" as a "person who, at
the time of committing an offence, has attained the age of 15
and is under the age of 18". […]
|
 |
|