| School-leaving age |
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4(d). According to laws and regulations,
education of Iranian children and adolescents is compulsory
and no one can deprive them from education (article 1 of the
Act on Providing Means and Possibility of Education for
Iranian Children and Adolescents, 1974). Compulsory education
begins at the age of 6;
130. The education system of the Islamic
Republic of Iran is divided as follow: primary school (five
years), orientation or guidance school (three years) and
secondary school (four years). In 1992 the new system of
secondary education, consisting of three years replaced the
previous system. After the completion of three years of
secondary education, students go through one year of
pre-university courses. The primary school takes five years to finish and children
six years of age enter this phase. In accordance with specific rules
and criteria they can remain in the primary level
up to age 15 at the most. Schools are open six
days a week and primary education in Iran is compulsory and free. |
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| Minimum age of employment |
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4(a). According to article 79 of the Labour
Act persons under the age of 15 are forbidden to be employed.
Regarding agricultural work, although this kind of work is
considered to be lighter than other work and is usually done
as part of family work, the Law on Agricultural Work sets the
minimum age at 12 years. (These age limits are in conformity
with ILO standards.) […]
189. In Iran
there are special provisions in the Labour
Code for the protection of children. The minimum
age for employment, according to article 79 of the Labour
Code, is 15 full years. Sanctions are envisaged
in the law for employers who hire children under 15 years
of age (article 176 of the Labour
Code).
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| Minimum age for marriage |
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2. According to figh (religious
jurisprudence) and the law a child or minor is a male or
female offspring that has not attained maturity. Maturity is a
natural and instinctive matter. One of the signs of attaining
maturity is age. In figh and the law a person who has
not reached the age of majority is called a minor. A minor
cannot dispose of his/her property. Iranian law does not offer
any definition of a child and only the age of maturity is
defined. According to the provisions of article 1210 of the
Civil Code, the age of maturity for male children is full 15
lunar years. The legislator in Iran has stipulated that a
person has to prove his/her maturity before being able to
exercise his legal rights. If two conditions, that is,
physical growth and mental development, are combined in an
individual then it could be said that the age of minority has
ended.
3. According to the Civil Code, a mature person has the
right to dispose and possess his/her property. Therefore,
according to the provisions of the law, in legal actions by
the child in relation to transactions or other affairs that
require rational decisions, the maturity of the person needs
to be proven. Since in accordance with the Civil Code marriage
before age of maturity is forbidden (art. 1041) and the age
of maturity, determined by law, is not compatible with the realities of
the society, some jurists have proposed revision of the Civil
Code provisions relating to the age of
maturity. |
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| Minimum age for criminal responsibility |
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4(c). In accordance
with article 49 of the Islamic Penalties Act passed in 1982, "children shall
be free from criminal responsibility and the responsibility for correction,
education and disciplining is given to
the guardian, and if necessary the court will instruct
a correction house to carry out this
task"; |
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